General Building Steels
STRUCTURAL STEELS EXPRESSED ACCORDING TO TENSILE STRENGTH

The structural Steels expressed according to the tensile strength are preferred for use in steel construction, bridge construction, pressure vessels and equipment, vehicle manufacturing and machine constructions, which are taken into consideration as the tensile stresses and yield limit values.

These steels are generally described as unalloyed steel, their mechanical properties are more dependent on the amount of carbon, but manganese, silicon, copper and sulfur elements are also very effective, mainly due to nitrogen and phosphorus, production raw materials and production forms.

General structural steels are classified according to quality groups. As a result of new regulations on standards;
1st. only St 33 steel is provided to the quality group. Chemical analysis values are not given in St 33 steel, production method and casting style are released. It can be said; 1. steels in the quality group are not smelted carefully.

2nd ed. the steels in the quality group contain a maximum of 0.050% P and 0.050% S and are more preferred in welding constructions. The amount of silicon and manganese has also been determined. Fe 37 steel can be poured *boiling, **calmly poured or ** * semi-calmly poured. Fe 44, Fe 50, Fe 60 and Fe 70 Steels must be poured calmly or semi-calmly.

3. steels in the quality group ****as ageing-resistant and fine-grained steel, especially calmed and poured. Phosphorus and sulfur quantities are limited to 0.040%. They are usually deoxidized with 0.020 Al.

In the shavings forming of general building Steels, mainly normal annealed or cold shaped materials should be preferred. Normal annealing and about 600...Heat treatment is not applied to general structural Steels, except for stress relief annealing applied at 650 °C temperature. This is due to the excessive formation of unwanted elements within the structure; the resulting strong depositions and hardening cracks.

General structural steels are also suitable for resistance welding along with point and reel seam welding. Fe 60 and Fe 70 Steels must be cooled slowly or annealed immediately after welding. If the amount of carbon in Steels is less than 0.2%, other press welding methods can also be used.

* Boiling poured steel, molten steel, iron oxide in the steel mold during solidification of steel with a portion of the carbon in the combination, carbon monoxide by forming the effect of gas habbeciklar tissue and usually on the surface of a thin layer of ferrite is steel.
** Calm poured steel is steel that has completely removed the oxygen from the iron oxide in molten steel by using oxygen binding ( deoxidan ) substance in the bucket or mold. (structure is homogenous compared to others )
*** Semi-calm poured steel is steel with partially removed oxygen of iron oxide found in molten steel using deoxidant material in bucket and mold.
**** Ageless Steel, after waiting for a long period of pounding resistance, is steel that changes very little compared to the case in which it is manufactured.

GENERAL STRUCTURE STEELS AND THEIR COMPOSITION

Malz. No. DIN (old) DIN ( New) SAE / Aisi DEOXIDATION thermal chemical composition (max % weight )
Shape process C Mnmax Pmax Smax Nmax Almax

1.0035 St 33 S185 - - U, N -
- - - -

1.0037 St 37-2 S235JR - - U,N 0.17 max 1.40 max 0.045 0.045 0.009 -

1.0036 UST 37-2 S235JRG1 A570Gr.33.36 K U, N 0.17 max 1.40 max 0.045 0.045 0.007 -

1.0038 RSt 37-2 S235JRG2 A570Gr.36 S U, N 0.17 max 1.40 max 0.045 0.045 0.009 -

1.0116 St 37-3 S235J2G3 A284Gr.D SS U, N 0.17 max 1.40 max 0.035 0.035 - 0.020

1.0044 St 44-2 S275JR a570gr.40 S U, N 0.21 max 1.50 max 0.045 0.045 0.009 -

1.0144 St 44-3 S275J0 A573Gr.70 SS U, N 0.20 max 1.50 max 0.040 0.040 0.009 0.020

1.0570 St 52-3 S355J0-SS U, N 0.20 max 1.60 max 0.040 0.040 0.009 0.020

1.0050 St 50-2 E295 A570Gr.50 s U, N 0.30 ort
0.045 0.045 0.009 -

1.0060 St 60-2 E335-s U, N 0.40 ort
0.045 0.045 0.009 -

1.0070 St 70-2 E360-s U,N 0.50 ort
0.045 0.045 0.009 -
K-boiling Casting s-calm casting SS-semi-calm casting
U-Hot Rolled, Other Non-Treated N-Normal Annealed

GENERAL STRUCTURAL STEELS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Malz. No. DIN (old) DIN (New) SAE / Aisi pull yield break elongation
Resistance limit (forming direction - perpendicular direction )
(Mpa) (? Mpa) (? % )
< 3 mm ? 3 mm ? 16 mm ? 16 mm ? 40 mm ? 63 mm ? 80 mm ? 3 mm ? 40 mm ? 63 mm

? 100 mm
? 40 mm ? 63 mm ? 80 mm ? 100 mm ? 40 mm ? 63 mm ? 100 mm

1.0035 St 33 S185 - 310 - 540 290 - 510 185 175 - - - 16 - -

1.0037 St 37-2 S235JR - 360 - 510 340 - 470 235 225

26 25 24

1.0036 UST 37-2 S235JRG1 A570Gr.33,36 360 - 510 340 - 470 235 225 215 215 195 26 25 24

1.0038 RSt 37-2 S235JRG2 A570Gr.36 360 - 510 340 - 470 235 225 215 215 215 26 25 24

1.0116 St 37-3 S235J2G3 A284Gr.D 360 - 510 340 - 470 235 225 215 215 215 26 25 24

1.0044 St 44-2 S275JR a570gr.40 430 - 580 410 - 560 275 265 255 245 235 22 21 20

1.0144 St 44-3 S275J0 A573Gr.70 430 - 580 410 - 560 275 265 255 245 235 22 21 20

1.0570 St 52-3 S355J0 - 510 - 680 490 - 630 355 345 335 325 315 22 21 20

1.0050 St 50-2 E295 A570Gr.50 490 - 660 470 - 610 295 285 275 265 255 20 19 18

1.0060 St 60-2 E335 - 590 - 770 570 - 710 335 325 315 305 295 16 15 14

1.0070 St 70-2 E360 - 690 - 900 670 - 830 360 355 345 335 325 11 10 9

1.1.GENERAL STRUCTURE STEELS EXPRESSED ACCORDING TO TENSILE STRENGTH

Malz. No. DIN (old) DIN (New) SAE / Aisi uses

1.0035 St 33 S185 -

1.0037 St 37-2 S235JR-construction, industrial sector, box profile, bar construction and hot rolled industrial profiles construction

1.0036 UST 37-2 S235JRG1 A570Gr.33.36 in construction, industrial sector, box profile, bar construction and hot rolled industrial profiles construction

1.0038 RSt 37-2 S235JRG2 A570Gr.36 construction, industrial sector, box profile, bar construction and hot rolled industrial profiles construction

1.0116 St 37-3 S235J2G3 A284Gr.D in the construction sector, flat surface materials, gloss desired materials, stitched - seamless pipes.

1.0044 St 44-2 S275JR a570gr.40 construction and industrial sector, making high strength hot drawn industry profiles

1.0144 St 44-3 S275J0 A573Gr.70 construction and industrial sector, making high strength hot drawn industry profiles

1.0570 St 52-3 S355J0-in applications requiring high strength in industry and construction sector

1.0050 St 50-2 E295 A570Gr.50 more pressure stress loads, lever, mold and press pads manufacturing

1.0060 St 60-2 E335-machine elements requiring high strength, gear wheels etc. applications

1.0070 St 70-2 E360-Rivet, special Bolt wedge and machine elements requiring strength
U: boiling casting-R: calm casting